What is a cystic nodule?

A thyroid nodule that appears to be filled with fluid on ultrasound is referred to as a cystic nodule. Cystic nodules that are entirely filled with fluid with no solid tissue evident are considered to be simple cysts. These simple cysts are almost always benign. They can be drained with a fine needle, though they have a tendency to recur. Cystic nodules that contain clusters of solid tissue amidst collections of fluid are considered to be complex cysts. While the majority of these complex cysts are benign, a small percentage of them may harbor cancer. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the solid portions of a complex cyst can help determine whether it is suspicious for cancer.

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